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				First published: October 1, 2025 - Last updated: October 1, 2025
			TITLE INFORMATION 
			
			Author: Carli Snyder
			
 Title: Asking About the ‘Unspeakable’
 
 Subtitle: Joan Ringelheim and Early Research on Sexual Violence and Same-Sex Practices among Women During the Holocaust
 
 Journal: The Journal of Holocaust Research
 
 Volume: 38
 
 Issue: 3-4: Gender-Based and Sexual Violence during the Holocaust (Edited by Dorota Glowacka, Regina Mühlhäuser and Michal Aharony)
 
 Year: July-September 2024 (Published online: August 4, 2024)
 
 Pages: 206-224
 
 pISSN: 2578-5648 - 
				Find a Library: WorldCat | 
			eISSN: 2578-5656 - 
				Find a Library: WorldCat
 
 Language: English
 
 Keywords: 
				Modern History: 
					20th Century | 
				American History: 
					U.S. History; 
				European History: 
					German History | 
				Types: 
					Sexual Assault / 
						Sexual Violence during the Holocaust; 
				Research: 
					Historiography / 
						Joan Ringelheim
 
 FULL TEXT
 
			
			Link:
			Taylor & Francis Online (Resetricted Access)
			 
 ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
 
			
			Author:
				Carli Snyder, 
					Graduate Center, 
					City University of New York
			
 Abstract: 
				»This article examines feminist scholar Joan Ringelheim’s inquiry about sexual violence and same-sex practices among women during the Holocaust. Drawing on her unpublished manuscript, drafts of conference papers, correspondence, and grassroots oral history interviews in addition to her published work, this article examines how Ringelheim’s analysis of these two topics changed over time. Between the late 1970s to the mid-1990s, Ringelheim worked in a variety of professional roles as a philosophy professor, independent scholar, and an employee of the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. In each of these positions, she initiated conversations with survivors, scholars, feminist activists, and museum workers, and contributed to innovative conceptual frameworks about these issues that influenced scholarship for decades. Her work was met with both support and considerable hostility. To understand why this was the case, this article historicizes Ringelheim’s efforts within contemporary contexts, including American Jewish debates about the Jewish family, feminist debates about sexuality and women’s history, and the rise of Holocaust consciousness in the United States. My contention is that as Ringelheim asked questions about sexuality during the Holocaust, she had to not only begin to disentangle decades of compounded silencing and mythologization, but she also needed to navigate various forms of pushback related to these debates.« 
				(Source: The Journal of Holocaust Research)
 
 Wikipedia: 
				History of Europe: 
					History of Germany / 
						Nazi Germany | 
				Branches of science: 
					Historiography / 
						Historiography of the Holocaust, 
						Joan Ringelheim | 
				Genocide: 
					The Holocaust / 
						Sexual violence during the Holocaust | 
				Sex and the law: 
					Sexual violence
 |